{"id":14182,"date":"2017-04-16T19:41:38","date_gmt":"2017-04-16T19:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/?page_id=14182"},"modified":"2022-10-22T07:34:29","modified_gmt":"2022-10-22T07:34:29","slug":"fluid-dynamics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/","title":{"rendered":"Fluid Dynamics"},"content":{"rendered":"<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"sue-shadow-wrap sue-content-wrap sue-shadow-inline-no\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"sue-shadow sue-shadow-style-vertical\">\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"sue-panel\" data-url=\"\" data-target=\"self\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:0px;-moz-border-radius:0px;-webkit-border-radius:0px;box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;border:1px solid #cccccc\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"sue-panel-content sue-content-wrap\" style=\"padding:15px;text-align:left\">\n<div class=\"su-heading su-heading-style-modern-1-dark su-heading-align-left\" id=\"\" style=\"font-size:13px;margin-bottom:20px\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-heading-inner\">\n<h2>Article Summary &amp; FAQs<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h3>What is fluid dynamics?<\/h3>\n<p>In physics,\u00a0<strong>fluid dynamics<\/strong>\u00a0is a subdiscipline of\u00a0<strong>fluid mechanics<\/strong>\u00a0that deals with fluid flow.\u00a0<strong>Fluid dynamics<\/strong>\u00a0is one of the most important of all areas of physics.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Facts<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/continuity-equation\/\">Conservation of mass<\/a> in\u00a0<a title=\"Fluid Dynamics\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/\"><strong>fluid dynamics<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0states that all\u00a0<strong>mass flow rates into<\/strong>\u00a0a control volume are equal to all\u00a0<strong>mass flow rates out<\/strong> of the control volume plus the rate of mass change within the control volume.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/\">Bernoulli\u2019s equation<\/a><\/strong> can be considered a statement of the\u00a0<strong>conservation of energy principle<\/strong>\u00a0appropriate for flowing fluids.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The <a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/reynolds-number\/\">Reynolds number<\/a><\/strong> is one of the characteristic numbers used for predicting whether a flow condition will be\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/laminar-flow-viscous\/\">laminar<\/a> or <a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/turbulent-flow\/\">turbulent<\/a><\/strong>. It is defined as the ratio of\u00a0<strong>inertial forces<\/strong>\u00a0to\u00a0<strong>viscous forces.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/head-loss\/\">Head loss<\/a> of the hydraulic system is divided into\u00a0<strong>two main categories<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/\"><strong>Major Head Loss<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 due to friction in straight pipes<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\"><strong>Minor Head Loss<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 due to components as valves, bends\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Darcy-Weisbach Equation\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/darcy-weisbach-equation\/\"><strong>Darcy\u2019s equation<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0can be used to calculate\u00a0<strong>major\u00a0losses<\/strong>. The\u00a0<a title=\"Darcy Friction Factor\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/darcy-friction-factor-2\/\"><strong>friction factor<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0for fluid flow can be determined using a\u00a0<a title=\"Moody Diagram\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/moody-diagram\/\"><strong>Moody chart<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>In\u00a0<a title=\"Fluid Dynamics\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/\">fluid dynamics<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/what-is-drag-air-and-fluid-resistance\/\"><strong>drag<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any moving object. The force a flowing fluid exerts on a body in the flow direction.<\/li>\n<li>By definition,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/\"><strong>multiphase flow<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0is the interactive flow of\u00a0<strong>two or more<\/strong>\u00a0distinct phases with common interfaces in, say, a conduit.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/centrifugal-pumps\/\"><strong>Centrifugal pumps<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0are devices that are used to transport fluids by the\u00a0<strong>conversion of rotational kinetic energy<\/strong>\u00a0to the\u00a0<strong>hydrodynamic energy<\/strong>\u00a0of the fluid flow.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:10px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\">\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-modern-light su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>What is difference between fluid mechanics and fluid dynamics?<\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>What is the difference between fluid mechanics and fluid dynamics?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Fluid mechanics<\/b>\u00a0is the study of the forces on\u00a0<b>fluids<\/b>. These\u00a0<b>fluids<\/b> can be either gas or <b>liquid<\/b>. In physics,\u00a0<strong>fluid dynamics<\/strong>\u00a0is a subdiscipline of\u00a0<strong>fluid mechanics<\/strong> that deals with fluid flow.\u00a0<b>Fluid mechanics<\/b> include <b>fluid<\/b>\u00a0statics (the study of\u00a0<b>fluids<\/b>\u00a0at rest) and\u00a0<b>fluid dynamics<\/b>\u00a0(the study of\u00a0<b>fluids<\/b>\u00a0in motion).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-modern-light su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>What is the definition of fluid?<\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<strong>What is the definition of fluid?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In physics, a fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under applied shear stress. The characteristic that distinguishes a fluid from a solid is its inability to resist deformation under applied shear stress (a tangential force per unit area). Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas, and, to some extent, plastic solids.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-modern-light su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>What is fluid dynamics used for?<\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<strong>What is fluid dynamics used for?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Fluid dynamics<\/strong> are an important part of most industrial processes, especially those involving the<br \/>\ntransfer of heat.\u00a0<a title=\"Nuclear Reactor\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor\/\"><strong>In nuclear reactors,<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>the heat removal from the\u00a0<a title=\"Reactor Core\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor-core\/\">reactor core<\/a> is accomplished by passing a liquid or ga搜索引擎优化us coolant through the core and other regions where heat is generated.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spacer\" style=\"height:10px\"><\/div>\n<h2>Fluid Dynamics<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14188\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14188\" style=\"width: 290px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Fluid-Dynamics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14188\" src=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Fluid-Dynamics-300x268.png\" alt=\"Fluid Dynamics\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Fluid-Dynamics-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Fluid-Dynamics.png 397w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14188\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">CFD numerical simulation<br \/>Source: CFD development group &#8211; hzdr.de<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In physics, <strong>fluid dynamics<\/strong> is a subdiscipline of <strong>fluid mechanics<\/strong> that deals with fluid flow. <strong>Fluid dynamics<\/strong> is one of the most important of all areas of physics. Life as we know it would not exist without fluids and without the behavior that fluids exhibit. The air we breathe and the water we drink (which makes up most of our body mass) are fluids. Fluid dynamics has many applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft (aerodynamics) and determining water\u2019s mass flow rate through pipelines (hydrodynamics).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fluid dynamics<\/strong> are an important part of most industrial processes, especially those involving the<br \/>\ntransfer of heat. <a title=\"Nuclear Reactor\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor\/\"><strong>In nuclear reactors,<\/strong> <\/a>the heat removal from the <a title=\"Reactor Core\" href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor-core\/\">reactor core<\/a> is accomplished by passing a liquid or ga搜索引擎优化us coolant through the core and other regions where heat is generated. The nature and operation of the coolant system are among the most important considerations in designing a nuclear reactor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fluid flow<\/strong> in the nuclear field can be complex and is not always subject to rigorous mathematical analysis. Unlike solids, the particles of fluids move through piping and components at different velocities and are often subjected to different accelerations. The foundational axioms of fluid dynamics are the conservation laws, specifically, conservation of mass (leading to the continuity equation), conservation of linear momentum, and conservation of energy.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\">\u00a0 <div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>References:<\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>Reactor Physics and Thermal Hydraulics:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>J. R. Lamarsh, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading,\u00a0MA (1983).<\/li>\n<li>J. R. Lamarsh, A. J. Baratta, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, 3d ed., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN: 0-201-82498-1.<\/li>\n<li>W. M. Stacey, Nuclear Reactor Physics, John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2001, ISBN: 0- 471-39127-1.<\/li>\n<li>Glasstone, Sesonske. Nuclear Reactor Engineering: Reactor Systems Engineering,\u00a0Springer; 4th edition, 1994, ISBN:\u00a0978-0412985317<\/li>\n<li>Todreas Neil E., Kazimi Mujid S. Nuclear Systems Volume I: Thermal Hydraulic Fundamentals, Second Edition. CRC\u00a0Press; 2\u00a0edition, 2012, ISBN:\u00a0978-0415802871<\/li>\n<li>Zohuri B., McDaniel P. Thermodynamics in Nuclear Power Plant Systems. Springer; 2015, ISBN:\u00a0978-3-319-13419-2<\/li>\n<li>Moran Michal J., Shapiro Howard N. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, Fifth Edition,\u00a0John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2006, ISBN:\u00a0978-0-470-03037-0<\/li>\n<li>Kleinstreuer C. Modern Fluid Dynamics. Springer, 2010,\u00a0ISBN 978-1-4020-8670-0.<\/li>\n<li>U.S. Department of Energy, THERMODYNAMICS, HEAT TRANSFER,\u00a0AND FLUID FLOW.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook,\u00a0Volume 1, 2 and 3. June\u00a01992.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-default\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2>See above:<\/h2>\n<p>Engineering<a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#606060;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#cccccc;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#606060;padding:7px 20px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;border-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-moz-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-webkit-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000\"><i class=\"sui sui-link\" style=\"font-size:16px;color:#5d5d5d\"><\/i> <\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14176,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"generate_page_header":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14182"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32949,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14182\/revisions\/32949"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}