{"id":26678,"date":"2020-03-09T10:31:43","date_gmt":"2020-03-09T10:31:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/?page_id=26678"},"modified":"2023-07-14T08:12:08","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T08:12:08","slug":"time-of-flight-tof-detector","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/time-of-flight-tof-detector\/","title":{"rendered":"Time of Flight – TOF Detector"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Time of flight detectors<\/strong> (TOF<\/strong>) determine charged particle velocity by measuring the time required to travel from the interaction point to the time of flight detector or between two detectors. As was written, scintillation counters<\/a> (especially with organic scintillators) can provide excellent time resolution. Therefore<\/strong>\u00a0they can be used as a time of flight detector to discriminate between a lighter and a heavier elementary particle of the same momentum using their time of flight. The first of the scintillators activates a clock upon being hit, while the other stops the clock upon being hit. If the two masses are denoted by m1<\/sub> and m2<\/sub> and have velocities v1<\/sub> and v2<\/sub>, then the time of flight difference is given by:<\/p>\n

\"Time<\/a><\/p>\n

These detectors can also be used to measure the time of flight for reaching some scintillation counter located at a distance L from the point of origin of the particle to determine the velocity and, therefore, the particle’s rest mass; thus, they can be used for particle separation.<\/p>\n

\"time<\/a>
The distribution of \u03b2 as measured by the TOF detector is a function of momentum for particles reaching TOF in p\u2013Pb interactions. ALICE experiment LHC Cern.
Source: Particle Detectors; Raffaella De Vita; INFN \u2013 Sezione di Genova<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/span>References:<\/div>
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Radiation Protection:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Knoll, Glenn F., Radiation Detection and Measurement 4th Edition, Wiley, 8\/2010. ISBN-13: 978-0470131480.<\/li>\n
  2. Stabin, Michael G., Radiation Protection, and Dosimetry: An Introduction to Health Physics, Springer, 10\/2010. ISBN-13: 978-1441923912.<\/li>\n
  3. Martin, James E., Physics for Radiation Protection 3rd Edition, Wiley-VCH, 4\/2013. ISBN-13: 978-3527411764.<\/li>\n
  4. U.S.NRC, NUCLEAR REACTOR CONCEPTS<\/li>\n
  5. U.S. Department of Energy, Instrumentation, and Control. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 2 of 2. June 1992.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nuclear and Reactor Physics:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. J. R. Lamarsh, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA (1983).<\/li>\n
    2. J. R. Lamarsh, A. J. Baratta, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, 3d ed., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN: 0-201-82498-1.<\/li>\n
    3. W. M. Stacey, Nuclear Reactor Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 2001, ISBN: 0- 471-39127-1.<\/li>\n
    4. Glasstone, Sesonske. Nuclear Reactor Engineering: Reactor Systems Engineering, Springer; 4th edition, 1994, ISBN: 978-0412985317<\/li>\n
    5. W.S.C. Williams. Nuclear and Particle Physics. Clarendon Press; 1 edition, 1991, ISBN: 978-0198520467<\/li>\n
    6. G.R.Keepin. Physics of Nuclear Kinetics. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co; 1st edition, 1965<\/li>\n
    7. Robert Reed Burn, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Operation, 1988.<\/li>\n
    8. U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Physics and Reactor Theory. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 and 2. January 1993.<\/li>\n
    9. Paul Reuss, Neutron Physics. EDP Sciences, 2008. ISBN: 978-2759800414.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>