{"id":28847,"date":"2021-01-25T14:55:04","date_gmt":"2021-01-25T14:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/?page_id=28847"},"modified":"2023-08-12T11:39:53","modified_gmt":"2023-08-12T11:39:53","slug":"metal-joining-processes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/metals-what-are-metals\/metal-joining-processes\/","title":{"rendered":"Metal Joining Processes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/alloy-metal-steel.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-28834\" src=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/alloy-metal-steel-285x300.png\" alt=\"alloy - metal - steel\" width=\"285\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/alloy-metal-steel-285x300.png 285w, https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/alloy-metal-steel.png 393w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 285px) 100vw, 285px\" \/><\/a>Metal<\/strong> is a material (usually solid) comprising one or more <strong>metallic elements<\/strong> (e.g., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/iron-periodic-table\/\">iron<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/aluminium-periodic-table\/\">aluminium<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/copper-periodic-table\/\">copper<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/chromium-periodic-table\/\">chromium<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/titanium-periodic-table\/\">titanium<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/gold-periodic-table\/\">gold<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/nickel-periodic-table\/\">nickel<\/a>), and often also nonmetallic elements (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, oxygen) in relatively small amounts. The unique feature of metals, as far as their structure is concerned, is the presence of charge carriers, specifically <a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/what-is-electron-properties-of-electron\/\"><strong>electrons<\/strong><\/a>. This feature is given by the nature of the <strong>metallic bond<\/strong>. The electrical and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\">thermal conductivities<\/a> of metals <strong>originate from<\/strong> their <strong>outer electrons being\u00a0delocalized<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Joining Processes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Metal joining<\/strong> is a controlled process used to fuse metals. There are several techniques of metal joining, of which welding is one of the more basic forms.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Welding<\/strong>. In welding, one of the most common joining processes, two or more metal parts are joined to form a single piece by using high heat to melt the parts together and allow them to cool, causing fusion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Brazing<\/strong>. Brazing is a metal-joining process in which a filler metal is melted and drawn into a capillary formed by assembling two or more work pieces. The filler metal has a lower melting point than the adjoining metal. Brazing differs from welding in that it does not involve melting the work pieces and soldering in higher temperatures for a similar process while also requiring much more closely fitted parts than when soldering.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Soldering<\/strong>. A technique for joining metals using a filler metal alloy with a melting temperature of less than 425\u00b0C (800\u00b0F). Because of this lower temperature and different alloys used as fillers, the metallurgical reaction between filler and workpiece is minimal, resulting in a weaker joint. In electronics assembly, the eutectic alloy with 63% tin and 37% lead (or 60\/40, which is almost identical in melting point) has been the alloy of choice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Riveting<\/strong>. Riveting is one of the most ancient metalwork joining processes. A rivet is essentially a two-headed and unthreaded bolt that holds two other pieces of metal together. Currently, riveting still retains important uses in industry and construction. Solid rivets are used in applications where reliability and safety count. A typical application for solid rivets can be found within the structural parts of aircraft. Hundreds of thousands of solid rivets are used to assemble the frame of a modern aircraft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>References:<\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Materials Science:\n<p>U.S. Department of Energy, Material Science. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 and 2. January 1993.<br \/>\nU.S. Department of Energy, Material Science. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 2 and 2. January 1993.<br \/>\nWilliam D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction 9th Edition, Wiley; 9 edition (December 4, 2013), ISBN-13: 978-1118324578.<br \/>\nEberhart, Mark (2003). Why Things Break: Understanding the World by the Way It Comes Apart. Harmony. ISBN 978-1-4000-4760-4.<br \/>\nGaskell, David R. (1995). Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials (4th ed.). Taylor and Francis Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56032-992-3.<br \/>\nGonz\u00e1lez-Vi\u00f1as, W. &amp; Mancini, H.L. (2004). An Introduction to Materials Science. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-07097-1.<br \/>\nAshby, Michael; Hugh Shercliff; David Cebon (2007). Materials: engineering, science, processing, and design (1st ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-8391-3.<br \/>\nJ. R. Lamarsh, A. J. Baratta, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, 3d ed., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN: 0-201-82498-1.<br \/>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"    class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-default\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p>See above:<br \/>\nMetals<a href=\"http:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-engineering\/metals-what-are-metals\/\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#606060;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#cccccc;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#606060;padding:7px 20px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;border-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-moz-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-webkit-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000\"><i class=\"sui sui-link\" style=\"font-size:16px;color:#5d5d5d\"><\/i> <\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div   id="8n9s8rpp6h"     class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":28829,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"generate_page_header":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28847"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28847"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38934,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28847\/revisions\/38934"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}