{"id":32232,"date":"2022-05-05T13:21:31","date_gmt":"2022-05-05T13:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/?page_id=32232"},"modified":"2023-09-23T06:51:29","modified_gmt":"2023-09-23T06:51:29","slug":"nuclear-safety","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sitepourvtc.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/nuclear-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuclear Safety"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nuclear safety<\/strong>, also known as reactor safety, is defined by IAEA:<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2018Safety\u2019 is the achievement of proper operating conditions, prevention of accidents, and mitigation of accident consequences, resulting in protecting workers, the public, and the environment from undue radiation hazards.<\/em><\/p>\n

This definition covers more than it may seem. Nuclear safety<\/strong> is a broad engineering concept that ranges from nuclear engineering to the theory of human errors. Nuclear safety is composed of technical and organizational measures taken during all phases of a facility\u2019s life (design, construction, commissioning, operation, decommissioning and dismantling) to protect workers, the general public, and the environment from the effects of radioactive substances.<\/p>\n

Five levels of defense<\/h2>\n

Most nuclear power plants introduce a \u2018defense-in-depth \u2018<\/b>approach to achieve maximum safety. This approach is constituted of multiple safety systems supplementing the natural features of the reactor core.<\/p>\n

According to INSAG-10:<\/p>\n

\u201cDefence in depth consists in a hierarchical deployment of different levels of equipment and procedures to maintain the effectiveness of physical barriers placed between radioactive materials and workers, the public or the environment, in normal operation, anticipated operational occurrences, and, for some barriers, in accidents at the plant.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Defense in depth ensures that a plant is designed, fabricated, constructed, and operated not only to be safe during normal operation but to account safely for the possibility of a spectrum of accidents. The plant has sophisticated safety systems and devices to guard against human error, equipment failures, and malfunctions taking into account such natural phenomena as earthquakes, tornadoes, and floods.<\/p>\n

\"nuclear<\/a><\/p>\n

The main reason for this approach lies in the uniqueness of nuclear power plants. Nuclear reactors have three unique characteristics that affect their safety compared to other power plants.<\/p>\n

Three characteristics that affect nuclear safety<\/h2>\n